Kwindawo yolawulo lwe-fluid, ukhetho phakathi kwe-valve yebhola kunye ne-valve yesango inokwenza okanye iphule inkqubo yokusebenza kakuhle.
Iivalvu zebhola zibonelela ngentshukumo ekhawulezayo ye-90-degree on/off, ilungele ukuvala ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa iivalvu zesango zinciphisa ukuchasana nokuhamba xa zivuleke ngokupheleleyo, zilungele imibhobho emikhulu.
Omnye uyagqwesa ekutywinweni okuqinileyo, omnye ekujonganeni noxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi eyona ilunge ngakumbi kwiprojekthi yakho?
Chaza umahluko ocacileyo kwaye ufumane umdlalo wakho wevalve ogqibeleleyo.
NgobaIvalveImiba yoKhetho?
Ukukhetha i-valve kubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ephethe ulwelo (i-liquids, i-gases, i-slurries) kuba i-valve engafanelekanga ingakhokelela kwi-cascade yeengxaki, ukuchaphazela ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko. Nantsi inkcazo yokuba kutheni ibalulekile:
1. Ukhuseleko:
-Ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kweNtlekele: Iivalve ezikhethiweyo ngokungafanelekanga ziyakwazi ukusilela phantsi koxinzelelo, ukushisa, okanye ukuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni, ukuqhuma, umlilo, okanye ukuqhuma, ngokukodwa ngezinto ezinobungozi. Iivalvu zoncedo, umzekelo, zizixhobo zokhuseleko ezibalulekileyo ezithintela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.
-Ukukhusela Abasebenzi: Ukuvuza okanye ukukhutshwa okungalawulwayo kunokubeka abasebenzi kwizinto ezinobungozi, ezibangela ukulimala okanye iingxaki zempilo.
-Ukugcina uBugqibelelo beNkqubo: I-valve efanelekileyo ikhusela umonakalo kwamanye amacandelo enkqubo ngokulawula ukuhamba kunye noxinzelelo phakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo.
2. Ukusebenza ngokuNgqwesileyo kunye noKwanelisa:
-Ulawulo oluchanekileyo: Izicelo ezahlukeneyo zifuna amanqanaba ahlukeneyo olawulo lokuhamba (on / off, throttling, mixing, divering). Ukukhetha uhlobo lwevalve echanekileyo (umzekelo, ivalve yebhola yokuvula/yokucima, ivalve yeglowubhu yokungqungqa, ivalve yokutshekisha yokuqukuqela kwendlela enye) iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo isebenza njengoko bekucetyiwe.
-Izinga lokuHamba eliLungileyo: Iivalve ezigqithisiweyo zingakhokelela ekulawuleni okubi kunye nokungazinzi, ngelixa ii-valve ezincinci zithintela ukuhamba, zibangele ukuhla koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. I-flow coefficient (Cv) ngumba obalulekileyo apha.
-Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuNcitshiswa: I-valve esebenzayo ngokufanelekileyo inciphisa ilahleko yoxinzelelo kunye ne-turbulence, ekhokelela kwiimfuno ezisezantsi zamandla kwiimpompo kunye ne-compressors.
-Imveliso eqhubekayo: Ukuhamba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawulwa koxinzelelo kunegalelo kwiziphumo ezizinzileyo nezingaguqukiyo zokuvelisa, ezikhokelela kwimveliso ephezulu.
3. Ugcino lweendleko:
-UkuNcitshiswa kokuLondolozwa kunye nexesha lokuPhuma: Ivalve ekhethiweyo ngokufanelekileyo yomelele kwaye idinga ukulungiswa rhoqo, ukunciphisa ukuvalwa kweendleko kunye nokulungiswa.
-Ubomi beSixhobo esongeziweyo: Xa i-valve ihambelana nokusebenza kwayo, ifumana ukuguga okuncinci kunye nokukrazula, ukwandisa ixesha layo lokuphila kunye nethuba lokuphila kwezinye izixhobo ezixhunyiwe.
-Iindleko zokuSebenza eziphantsi: Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kumatyala aphantsi kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto eziphathekayo.
4. Ubomi obude kunye nokuthembeka:
-Ukuhambelana kwezinto: Izixhobo zevalve (umzimba, i-trim, izitywina) kufuneka zihambelane nemidiya eyiphathayo, kunye nokusingqongileyo. Izinto ezingahambelaniyo zinokukhokelela ekudlekeni, ekukhukulisekeni, ekukhukuliseni, okanye ekuqhekekeni koxinzelelo.
-Iiqondo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo loxinzelelo: iivalvu kufuneka zilinganiswe ukumelana nobukhulu kunye nobushushu obuncinci kunye noxinzelelo lwenkqubo yolwelo kunye nendawo yokusebenza.
-Ukuxhathisa ukunxitywa: Kumanzi abrasive okanye erosive, izixhobo ezinokumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu zibalulekile ukunqanda ukuthotywa kwangaphambi kwexesha.
-Cycle Life: Kwizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza rhoqo, i-valve eyenzelwe ubomi bomjikelezo ophezulu ibalulekile.
5. Ukuthotyelwa kunye neMpembelelo yokusiNgqongileyo:
-ImiGangatho yoShishino lweNtlanganiso: Amashishini amaninzi anemimiselo engqongqo kunye nemigangatho yokukhethwa kwevalvu kunye nokusebenza. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokuphepha izohlwayo.
-UKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo: Ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokukhutshwa okungalawulwayo kolwelo (ingakumbi oluyingozi) kubalulekile ekukhuseleni okusingqongileyo.
Yintoni iValve yeBhola?
Ivalve yebhola yivalve yokujika kwekota esebenzisa ingqukuva enomngxuma, enemingxuma ukulawula ukuhamba. Xa umngxuma uhambelana nombhobho, ulwelo ludlula ngokukhululekileyo; xa ijika i-90 degrees, ukuhamba kuvaliwe. Eyaziwayo ngokuvala ngokukhawuleza, ukutywinwa okuqinileyo, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola, iivalve zebhola zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini afana neoli kunye negesi, unyango lwamanzi, kunye nokulungiswa kweekhemikhali ngenxa yokuthembeka kunye nokuvuza okuncinci.
Yintoni iValufa yeSango?
Ivalve yesango sisivalo esivalayo esilawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokuphakamisa okanye ukuthoba isango ngaphakathi kumzimba wevalvu. Xa ivuliwe, inika indlela ethe tye, engathintelekiyo kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci lokuhla. Isebenza ngokucothayo ngentshukumo yomgca, iyenza ilungele usetyenziso olugcweleyo-hayi ukungqubeka. Iivalve zesango zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zamanzi, iindawo zokucoca ioli, kunye nemigca yomphunga ngenxa yokutywinwa kwazo okuthembekileyo kunye nokukwazi ukuphatha uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu.
Iiyantlukwano eziphambili phakathiIvalve yeBholakwayeIvalve yeSango
1. Ukusebenza kunye noLawulo lokuHamba
Ivalve yebhola isebenza ngokujikeleza ibhola enomngxuma kuyo ngamadigri angama-90, ivumela okanye imise ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Esi senzo sikhawulezileyo siyenza ilungele ukuvalwa ngokukhawuleza kodwa inokubangela ihamile yamanzi kwiinkqubo ezibuthathaka. Ayifanelekanga ukunkqonkqoza kuba ukuvuleka okungaphelelanga kungakhukulisa izihlalo kwaye kubangele ukuvuza.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ivalve yesango isebenzisa isango elihla linyuka ukuze lilawule ukuhamba. Ifuna ukujika okuphindaphindiweyo ukusebenza, okunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wehamile yamanzi. Nangona ikwazi ukuthoba ukuhamba, ukwenza oko kunokonakalisa isango kunye nokunciphisa ukutywinwa kokutywina.
2. Ukutywinwa kunye nokuvuza
Iivalvu zebhola zinika itywina eliqinileyo kakhulu ngenxa yoyilo lwazo, nasemva kwexesha elide lingasetyenziswa. Awafane avuze ngenxa yokuba aneendlela ezimbalwa zokuvuza ezinokuvuza kwaye zisebenzisa izitulo ezithambileyo ezicinezelwe ngokuqinileyo ebholeni.
Iivalve zesango zibonelela ngokutywinwa okwaneleyo xa zivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, kodwa iindawo zabo zokutywina zinokunxiba ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokuvuza. Zikwathanda kakhulu ukuvuza okujikeleze isikhondo ngenxa yentshukumo yomgca ngexesha lokusebenza.
3. Ukuhla koxinzelelo kunye neempawu zokuhamba
Xa zivuliwe, iivalvu zebhola zivumela ukuhamba kwindlela ephantse yathe tye, nto leyo ekhokelela kuxinzelelo oluncinci. Uyilo olupheleleyo lwezibuko luhambelana nedayamitha yombhobho ukwenzela ukuhamba kakuhle, ngelixa iinguqulelo zezibuko ezincitshisiweyo zixinene ngakumbi kodwa zinokunciphisa kancinci ukuhamba.
Iivalvu zesango zikwabonelela ngendlela ethe tye, engathintelekiyo xa ivuleke ngokupheleleyo, ibenza babe ngabasemagqabini kwizicelo ezihamba phambili kunye nokulahleka koxinzelelo oluphantsi kakhulu.
4. Ukuqina kunye noLondolozo
Iivalvu zebhola zikholisa ukuqina kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi, ngenxa yeendawo ezimbalwa ezihambayo kunye nokunyakaza okujikelezayo okunciphisa ukuguga kwesiqu. Indlela yabo elula ibenza kube lula ukuzenzela.
Iivalve zesango zithande ukunxiba ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngakumbi ukuba azisetyenziswanga ngokuchanekileyo okanye zivezwe kulwelo olurhabaxa. Zihlala zifuna ulondolozo olungakumbi, ngakumbi malunga nokupakishwa kwesikhondo.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeIvalve yeBholakwayeIvalve yeSango
Izinto ezilungileyo zeIvalve yeBhola
1. Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza: Iivalve zebhola zibonisa indlela yokujika kwekota, evumela ukuvulwa nokuvala ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubenza balungele izicelo ezifuna ukuvalwa ngokukhawuleza, njengeenkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza okanye iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo.
2. Ukutywinwa okuQinisekileyo: Uyilo lwazo olungqukuva luqinisekisa isitywina esigqwesileyo xa luvaliwe, lunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza. Oku kubalulekile ekuphatheni ulwelo oluyingozi okanye olunexabiso eliphezulu, ukwenza iivalvu zebhola zibe zezona zikhethwa kakhulu kushishino lweekhemikhali kunye nepetrochemical.
3. ULondolozo oluPhantsi: Ngeendawo ezimbalwa ezihambayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iivalvu, iivalvu zebhola zithande ukuba nobomi obude kwaye zifuna isevisi encinci rhoqo. Isakhiwo sabo esilula sinciphisa ukugqoka kunye nokukrazula, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwexesha.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi: Ifanelekile kwimidiya eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ulwelo, iigesi, kunye ne-slurries, iivalve zebhola zinokusebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu kunye noxinzelelo. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kubenza badume kumacandelo afana nokucocwa kwamanzi, i-oyile kunye negesi, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya.
5. Ulawulo lokuqukuqela oluchanekileyo: Ngelixa ubukhulu becala lusetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokuvula/yokuvala, iivalvu ezithile zebhola ezinobumbo obuyi-V okanye ezinobukhulu obungange-port zinokubonelela ngesakhono sokuthontsiza esisebenzayo, esenza ukuba kulawuleke ukuqukuqela okugudileyo.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeIvalve yeSango
1. Ukuchasana kokuHamba okuNcinci: Xa ivuleke ngokupheleleyo, iivalvu zesango zibonelela ngokuthe tye - kwindlela yokuhamba kunye nesiphithiphithi esincinci kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo. Oku kuhamba kungaphazamisekiyo kubenza basebenze kakuhle kakhulu kwimibhobho emikhulu kumashishini afana nonikezelo lwamanzi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-oyile negesi, apho ukugcinwa kwesantya sokuhamba kubalulekile.
3. I-High-Pressure kunye ne-High-Temperature Tolerance: Yakhiwe ngezinto ezinamandla ezifana nentsimbi, insimbi engenasici, okanye isinyithi esibunjiweyo, iivalve zesango zinokumelana noxinzelelo olunzima kunye namaqondo okushisa. Oku kubenza bafanelekele iimeko ezingqongileyo ezibango ezifana nezixhobo zombane, iindawo zokucoca, kunye neenkqubo zomphunga kwimizi-mveliso.
5. Iindleko - Ezisebenzayo kuMkhulu - Imibhobho yoMdayamitha: Kwimibhobho ebhobhozayo emikhulu, iivalvu zesango zihlala zinoqoqosho ngakumbi kunezinye. Ulwakhiwo lwabo oluthe ngqo kunye nokulula kokwenziwa kwemveliso negalelo ekunciphiseni iindleko zemveliso, okubenza ukuba bakhethe okusebenzayo kwiiprojekthi apho uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nokusebenza kufuneka kulinganiswe.
Iingqwalasela zokuKhetha okuLungileyoIivalvu:Ivalve yeBholaokanyeIvalve yeSango?
Xa kuthelekiswa iivalve zebhola kunye neevalve zesango, ukungafani kwazo okuphambili kukusebenza, ukutywinwa, kunye neempawu zokuhamba.
① Beka phambili iiVavu zeBhola Xa:
- UkuSebenza okuKhawulezayo kubalulekile: Kwimeko yonxunguphalo yokuvalwa kweenkqubo okanye iinkqubo ezizisebenzelayo ezifuna ukuphazamiseka kokuqukuqela okukhawulezileyo.
- Ukuvuza - Imiba yokutywina engqongqo: Xa uphethe ulwelo oluyingozi, olubiza imali eninzi, okanye oludlekayo, olufana nezityalo zekhemikhali okanye ukuvelisa amayeza.
- I-Throttling ePhakathi iyafuneka: Ukusetyenziswa apho ulungelelwaniso oluthile lokuhamba lufuneka, njengokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezincinci.
② Khetha iiValufa zeSango Xa:
- Ukuqukuqela okungaphazamisekiyo kubaluleke kakhulu: Ubukhulu bemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-oyile nerhasi, apho ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kungundoqo.
- Ukuvalwa kwexesha elide - Kuyafuneka: Ukwahlula amacandelo emibhobho ngexesha lolondolozo okanye kwiinkqubo ezisebenza ikakhulu kwiindawo ezivuleke ngokupheleleyo okanye ezivaliweyo, njengakwimizi-mveliso yombane.
Iimeko eziZodwa:
- Ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuPhakamisa - IiNdawo zoxinzelelo: Iivalve zesango zihlala zikhethwa ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwazo okuqinileyo kunye nokukwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima, kodwa iivalve zebhola eziphakamileyo ezinezixhobo ezikhethekileyo nazo ziyakwazi ukufaneleka ukuba ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutywinwa okuqinileyo kuyafuneka ngaxeshanye.
- I-Slurry okanye i-Viscous Media: Iivalvu zebhola ezine-design epheleleyo - i-port design inokusingatha i-slurries kakuhle, ikhusela i-blockages, ngelixa i-valve yesango inobunzima ukuba i-media ibangela ukuba isango linamathele okanye liqokelele i-debris.
Isishwankathelo, ukhetho phakathi kweebhola zebhola kunye neentsimbi zesango kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Iivalvu zebhola zezona zilungileyo kulawulo olukhawulezayo lokuvula/ukuvala kunye nokutywinwa okuqinileyo, okuzenza zilungele ukuphatha ulwelo oluyingozi kunye nokuvalwa okungxamisekileyo.
Iivalve zesango zigqwesa ekuboneleleni ngokungahambi kakuhle kunye nokusingatha uxinzelelo oluphezulu, olulungele imibhobho emikhulu kunye nezicelo zokuvala ixesha elide.
Qwalasela uhlobo lwakho lolwelo, iimeko zokusebenza, kunye neemfuno ezithile ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwenkqubo yakho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-23-2025